MongoDB is an open-source, most used cross-platform, distributed document-oriented database that provides, high availability, high performance, and easy scalability. MongoDB works on concept of collection and document the data. MongoDB is developed by MongoDB Inc. and categorized as a NoSQL database.
MongoDB Features
1. Easy to use
MongoDB is a document-oriented
database. It uses the concept of the document to store data, which is more
flexible than the row concept in the relational database management system
(RDBMS).
A document allows you to
represent complex hierarchical relationships with a single record.
MongoDB doesn’t require predefined schemas that allow you to add to or remove fields from documents more quickly.
2. Designed to
scale out.
When the database grows, you’ll
have a challenge of how to scale it. There are two common ways:
- Scaling up – upgrade the current server
to a bigger one with more resources (CPU, RAM, etc). However, getting a
bigger server means increasing more costs.
- Scaling out – purchase additional servers
and add them to the cluster. This is cheaper and more scalable than
scaling up. The downside is that it takes more effort to manage multiple
servers than a big one.
MongoDB was designed to scale out.
MongoDB allows you to split data
across many servers. It also automatically manages the load balancing across
the cluster, redistributing data, and routing updates to the correct servers.
The following picture
illustrates how MongoDB scale-out using sharding across multiple servers:
3) Rich features
Like any database system,
MongoDB allows you to insert, update, and delete, and select data. In addition,
it supports other features including:
- Indexing
- Aggregation
- Specify collection and index types
- File Storage
4) High
performance
MongoDB was designed to maintain
the high performance from both architecture and feature perspectives.
The philosophy of MongoDB is to
create a full-featured database that is scalable, flexible, and fast.
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